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Abstract

Purpose: Smartphones are vital for communication and learning, especially among medical students, but excessive use can cause physical, psychological, and cognitive issues. Problematic Smartphone Usage (PSU), marked by compulsive use, is linked to attention deficits and reduced cognitive function. Reaction Time (RT) reflects sensory-motor speed, while Critical Flicker Fusion Frequency (CFFF) indicates sensory processing and neural fatigue. Prolonged smartphone use may impair these parameters. Despite growing concern, data on PSU’s impact on RT and CFFF in medical students is limited. This study explores their association among undergraduates in Chennai.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 402 medical undergraduate students in Chennai, South India. Participants were assessed for PSU using the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV). Visual and auditory RTs were measured using a reaction time apparatus, while CFFF was assessed using a digital CFFF tester. Data were analysed to compare RT and CFFF values between groups based on their PSU levels.

Result: Of the participants, 32.5% were addicted and 46.9% were high-risk smartphone users. Addicted users showed significantly reduced visual reaction times (p < 0.05). Smartphone addiction was also significantly associated with lower critical flicker fusion frequency (χ² = 17.09; p = 0.002)

Conclusion: PSU is associated with faster times and reduced critical flicker fusion frequency among medical students, suggesting potential detriments to cognitive and sensory performance. These findings emphasize the need for awareness programs and interventions to mitigate excessive smartphone usage and promote healthier digital habits among students.

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