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Abstract

Objectives. This study aims to map the current state of ChatGPT usage in nursing education, including its strengths and weaknesses, and the anticipated future applications of ChatGPT in nursing education.

Background. ChatGPT (Generative Pretrained Transformer), one of the Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, uses machine learning techniques to automatically learn language patterns and generate contextual outputs as a conversational interface between users and the program. ChatGPT has substantial potential in nursing, and nursing educators are trying to integrate ChatGPT into nursing education. However, the practical feasibility and efficacy of ChatGPT in nursing education have not been fully examined, and the related literature is lacking.

Design. This study is a scoping review and uses the framework of Arksey and O’Malley as a guideline.

Methods. A total of 11 articles were selected for review, with publication dates ranging from 2022 until 2024. Six reputable databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ERIC, and Cochrane Library were used to search for relevant studies.

Results. Six articles assessed the functions and feasibility of ChatGPT in nursing education, while the five articles investigated the reflections of nursing students or faculties following the integration of ChatGPT into various nursing education modules. Four primary themes were identified: applicability to nursing process education, enhancement of clinical judgment, potential in simulation scenarios, and performance in nurse license exams. The four themes show the practical use and potentials of ChatGPT in current nursing education.

Conclusions. ChatGPT can be utilized to improve clinical judgment and critical thinking, prepare for nursing license examinations, learn the five nursing processes, and apply to clinical scenarios. ChatGPT will be more effectively and efficiently integrated into academia as it continues to be developed with technologies. Ethical integrity and the ongoing assessment of the reliability of information produced by ChatGPT must be prioritized. It is imperative that nursing educators possess a comprehensive understanding of innovative technologies such as ChatGPT and should be prepared to instruct in nursing.

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